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BS 3146: (1974) PART 1: CLA1
Description
Carbon steel castings for general engineering
purposes. The three grades can be used in a wide variety of low and medium strength
applications where reasonable ductility is useful but good hardenability not
required. Considerable improvements in mechanical properties can be achieved
by heat treatment. These alloys provide useful general properties at a relatively
low cost.
Additional Information
- Weldability is characteristic
of plain carbon steels, the low carbon grade being straightforward while the
other two grades will normally require preheating and stress relieving. Conventional
gas or electric welding methods with the use of fluxes will generally be satisfactory
(reference should be made to BS3146 (1974), Part 1, Appendix A).
- Machinability is
variable depending primarily on composition and heat treatment. For very low
carbon alloys surface finish is generally poor and high speeds, constant tool
pressures and high speed tools should be used. As the carbon content increases
machinability can become excellent, especially for medium range carbon content
alloys in the normalised condition and relatively high carbon content alloys
in the hardened and tempered condition.
BS 3146: (1974) PART 1: CLA2
Description
1½% manganese pearlitic steel castings
for general engineering purposes. This alloy has improved properties over plain
carbon steels of similar strength, particularly with regard to proof stress,
ductility and toughness, while at the same time being readily weldable and machinable.
This combination of properties make the alloy suitable for applications where
many of the characteristics of a low alloy steel are required but the high cost
is not justified.
Additional Information
- Weldability – satisfactory
providing reasonable precautions are taken. Welding should not be carried
out in the as cast condition and severe quenching in the welding area should
be avoided. Gas or electric arc methods with fluxes are suitable, although
gas methods are often preferred as the gas flame can be used for pre- and
post-weld heating. Inert gas shielded arc methods are not justified and can
result in excessive localised heating. Post welding treatment must be carried
out and should consist of at least stress relieving or local tempering but
preferably complete re-hardening and tempering (reference should be made to
BS 3146 (1974), Part 1, Appendix A).
BS 3146: (1974) PART 1: CLA3
Description
700 – 850 N/m m ² alloy steel castings
for structural and general engineering purposes. Unless specified by the purchaser
the choice of alloy is left to the discretion of the founder. The two materials
are typical of compositions chosen for this specification. These steels combine
medium strength with excellent overall mechanical properties. The specification
dictates that neither sulphur nor phosphorus shall exceed 0.035%.
Additional Information
- Weldability satisfactory
providing reasonable precautions are taken. Welding should not be carried
out in the as-cast condition and severe quenching in the weld area should
be avoided. Gas or electric arc methods with fluxes are suitable, although
gas methods are often preferred as the gas flame can be used for pre- and
post-weld heating. Inert gas shielded arc methods are not justified and can
result in excessive localized heating. Post welding treatment must be carried
out and should consist of at least stress relieving or local tempering, but
preferably complete re-hardening and tempering (reference should be made to
BS 3146 (1974), Part 1, Appendix A).
BS 3146 (1974) Part 1: CLA4
Description
850 – 1000 N/mm ² alloy steel castings
for structural and general engineering purposes. Unless specified by the purchaser
the choice of alloy is left to the discretion of the founder. The two materials
are typical of compositions chosen for this specification. The steels combine
medium strength with excellent overall mechanical properties. The specification
dictates that neither sulphur nor phosphorus shall exceed 0.035%
Additional Information
- Weldability satisfactory,
providing reasonable precautions are taken. Welding should not be carried
out in the as cast condition and severe quenching in the weld area should
be avoided. Gas or electric arc methods with fluxes are suitable, although
gas methods are often preferred as the gas flame can be used for pre- and
post-weld heating. Inert gas shielded arc methods are not justified and can
result in excessive localized heating. Post welding treatment must be carried
out and should consist of at least stress relieving or local tempering, but
preferably complete re-hardening and tempering (reference should be made to
BS 3146 (1974), Part 1, Appendix A).
BS 3146 (1974) Part 1: CLA5
Description
A steel suitable for components with
medium to high tensile requirement and good ductility and toughness. Unless
specified by the purchaser the choice of alloy is left to the discretion of
the founder. The material for which the chemical composition is quoted below
is a typical composition chosen for this specification. The specification dictates
that sulphur content shall not exceed 0.020% and phosphorus 0.025%.
Additional information
- Weldability is good
but pre- and post-weld heating are required for post-treatment preferably
hardening and tempering. These alloys are readily welded by metal arc, gas,
flash and resistance methods (reference should be made to BS3146 (1974), Part
1, Appendix A)
BS 3146 (1974) PART 1: CLA7
Description
Steel castings for general engineering
purposes may be used at temperatures up to 400°C. Suitable for nitriding.
Additional Information
- Weldability is good
but pre- and post-weld heating are required for post treatment preferably
hardening and tempering. The alloy is readily weldable by metal arc, gas,
flash and resistance 9reference should be made to BS 3146 (1974), Part 1,
Appendix A).
BS 3146 (1974) PART 1: CLA8
Description
Carbon Steel castings for surface hardening
by a local heating and quenching process.
Additional Information
- Weldability is good
but pre- and post-weld heating are required (reference should be made to BS
3146 (1974), Part 1, Appendix A).
BS 3146 (1974) PART 1: CLA9
Description
A low carbon case-hardening steel giving
a surface hardness of 850-950, after carbonizing or cyaniding and heat treatment,
combined with good wear and shock resistance.
Additional Information
- Weldability is good
(reference should be made to BS 3146 (1974), Part 1, Appendix A).
- Machinability is
good in the normalized condition.
BS 3146 (1974) PART 1: CLA10
Description
3% Nickel case-hardening steel, suitable
for carburizing or cyanide hardening. Medium tensile strength core with reasonable
shock resistance. Typical applications are high duty parts subject to wear under
reciprocating or intermittent loading – pawls, ratchets, levers and connecting
rods
Additional Information
- Weldability is good
(reference should be made to BS 3146 (1974), Part 1, Appendix A).
BS 3146 (1974) PART 1: CLA11
Description
A 3% Cr-Mo steel which can be hardened
up to 900 – 1050 VPN, by nitriding and with the minimum of distortion. Medium
to high tensile strength in the core with good ductility and shock resistance.
Suitable for moving parts requiring resistance to abrasion or wear, e.g. crank,
pins, crank shafts and similar parts.
Additional Information
- Weldability is good
but pre- and post-weld heating are required for post treatment preferably
hardening and tempering (reference should be made to BS 3146 (1974), Part
1, Appendix A).
BS 3146 (1974) PART 1: CLA12
Description
Medium carbon 1% chromium steels giving
a high through hardness and an abrasive-resistant structure on quenching. The
castings are usually tempered to develop properties related to specific applications
where maximum hardness would be undesirable. Used for parts where medium or
high stresses are applied also heavy duty applications in contact with abrasive
materials.
Additional Information
- Weldability is reasonable
pre- and post-weld heating being important (reference should be made to BS3146
(1974), Part 1, Appendix A).
- Machinability is
satisfactory in the annealed condition.
BS 3146 (1974) PART 1: CLA13
Description
Nickel-Molybdenum, low alloy steel for
carburizing or cyanide hardening. Medium strength core with reasonable shock
resistance. Typical applications are high duty parts subject to wear under reciprocating
or intermittent loading. Can be used as an alternative to CLA10.
Additional Information
- Weldability – readily
welded
- Machinability –
readily machinable.
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